These immunofluorescence images depict melanomas undergoing immunotherapy treatment. The images show high infiltration of CD8 T cells (in green), the immune system’s primary effector cell against tumors, in a mouse melanoma model that is considered very challenging. Nuclei are shown in blue, and actin is stained in red to visualize tumor structure. Tumors that are untreated do not have evident CD8 T cell infiltration.

My project aims to develop immunotherapies that interact with multiple immune effector cells to promote a sustained and powerful anti-tumor immune response. The best combination immunotherapy that we have discovered is what was used to generate the immune responses visualized here.